Italy's Location is Northwest of Greece and Southeast of France. The common name of the country is Italy, but it is also known as the Italian Republic. The capital is Rome which is well known internationally. The population is 62,390, 364 and the currency the country uses is the Euro. The national anthem of Italy is "Il Canto Degli Italiani" also called “Mameli’s Hymn.” which was produced in 1946. The lyrics are by Goffredo Mameli and the music is by Michele Novaro.

In Italy people always greet one another! 

If two people are friends, they will kiss each other lightly on both cheeks or shake hands. Friends will greet each other with a pleasant Buongiorno (Good day), Buonasera (“Good afternoon”), or Buonanotte (Good night). when passing someone in a hurry, they smile and say Ciao (“Hi” or “Goodbye”). Titles are also important to show respect. When addressing a priest, one might call him Padre (Father) and a religious female would be addressed as Suora (Sister).

In Italy, attitudes reflect their devotion to the pope and their religion. For example, Italians believe in the defense of life from conception to its end; support of human rights, respect for the environment; and protection of the poor, weak, and elderly. Also, Certain privileges come with living in Vatican City, such as little to no crime, extremely low cost of living, no taxes, access to almost free housing, and low gas prices. However, There are also high expectations for employees and their families. Employees are required to obey their superiors, and those at the lower end of the hierarchy do not have much contact with the highest church leaders. Through all of this, Italians usually have a positive attitude unless they get into a debate. They want to honor their religion as best they can.

A person's attire shows a person's participation in a religious group or organization. Each religious order or clergy member can be identified by what they are wearing. Swiss Guards wear Renaissance-style blue, yellow, and red baggy trousers with matching tops and leggings, Franciscan men wear a brown robe with a hood, Dominicans wear a white cassock (long robe) and black cape, benedictine nuns wear black habits (long tunics with veils or other head coverings), the pope wears a white cassock, cross, ring, and skull cap (called a zucchetto).

His chief advisors, the Cardinals, wear red (symbolizing a willingness to shed their blood for Christ and the church)

Members of the public do not have specific attire they have to wear. At Times of the year, people wear certain colors like red for Easter and Christmas, purple for Advent and Lent, and green for other periods. For work, people are required to dress professionally according to their field of work. For example, when government officials meet the pope during a state visit, it is traditional to wear black. 

Men wear a suit or tuxedo and women cover their hair with a veil.

The official language is Italian but dialects differ from city to city. Florentine and Roman dialects had a major influence on the modern Italian language. Most youths also speak English, while older generations speak French. Additionally, a small ethnic minority in Tyrol speaks Ladin. 

80% of Italians are Christian, but the majority are Roman Catholic. Many Italians do not attend church services regularly because they are more appealed to secularism where they worship through gatherings, praying, and pilgrimages. Not everyone follows the Catholic religion, however, it is widely respected throughout the country because it has a large social and political influence. A very small number of Muslims, Jewish, and Protestants live in Italy.  also, about 10% are atheists.

The economy is driven by industry in the North and agriculture in the South. Agriculture employs about 4% of the labor force, but agricultural products allow Italy to be self-sufficient in food production. Italians' largest productions are wine and cheese. Other important crops include milk, grape, wheat, maize, tomatoes, apples, olives, sugar beets, oranges, and rice. The North produces major steel and iron producer; contributing to almost one-fourth of the GDP. Italy's service sector (tourism) accounts for ¾ of the GDP. Italy's economy is also sufficient because its trading partners are the United States, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom.

In the 2000's Italy's economy did not do so well. In 2002 Euro replaced the lira as Italy's currency, which hurt Italians. In 2008 fell into a recession because of a financial crisis. Then in 2011 enacted austerity measures which included an increase in taxes, pension reforms, and cuts to public administration. Finally, 2014 saw a small amount of improvement, but public debt and unemployment were extremely high.

Because of Italy's association with the death and burial of Saint Peter, the Vatican has long been sacred for Christians. Shortly after Peter's crucifixion, followers built a small chapel over his tomb. After the Roman emperor, Constantine granted legal status to Christianity in 313, he began his plan 324 to replace the chapel with a basilica.

 Over the centuries, the construction of walls, houses, and other structures removed some of the area's first-century architecture; however, part of Saint Peter's tomb has been preserved.

From the mid-19th century, the Italian unification movement began to take control of the Papal States, which caused territories to spread throughout central Italy. The increasing momentum of the unification movement peaked with the capture of Rome in 1870. Pope Pius IX responded to the seizure by refusing recognition from the Italian government. Then came to compromise with the Lateran Treaty. The Lateran Treaty treaty guaranteed that Vatican City would be a sovereign nation led by the pope. In return, the Vatican agreed to acknowledge the legitimacy of the Kingdom of Italy. Compensation was also given to the Vatican City for the loss of the Papal States and also declared Catholicism to be the official religion of Italy. However, in 1984, a revised agreement was signed, which abolished Catholicism as Italy's official religion.

In recent years, the church has been accused of having a child sexual abuse scandal, which has spread to dioceses in nations throughout the world. There have been widespread allegations of abuse by Catholic clergy, as well as the church covering up reports of abuse and protecting accused priests. This has caused outrage in Italy as well as internationally. 

The Vatican has also faced criticism over banking practices, including allegations of money laundering, fraud, and corruption. 

In 2010, the Vatican enacted laws that brought the nation in line with international banking standards after demands for transparency were made by the international community. Documents revealed power struggles and corruption that was unfortunately leaked to the press in January of 2012. In May individuals were given consequences including the pope's butler. He was sentenced to 18 months in prison for leaking confidential documents to a journalist.