UNIVERSE

A GUIDE THROUGH THE COSMOS

By PhoenixA

InnerSolar              Mercury's past

Venus

Hellish planet

Earth

Moons formation

Mars

Moons/2nd Earth?

OuterSolar

Jupiter

Largest Planet

Most Moons

Saturn

Rings

Uranus

Tilted

Neptune

Table of Contexts

Stars

Sun

Solar Storms 

Features

Types of stars

Yellow dwarf

White Dwarfs

Red dwarfs

Blue giants

Red dwarfs

Brown Dwarfs

Why Colors?

Famous Stars

Star colors

Extreme Remnants

Nuetron Stars

Magnetars

Pulsars

Black Holes

Are there vacuums in space?

Star Killers

Infinite gravity

Nebula's

How are nebulas formed?

What is a nebula?

Types of nebula's

Galaxies

Whats a galaxy?

How do galaxies form

Whats in a center of a galaxy

Galactic Collisions

Types of Galaxies

INNERSOLAR

InnerSolar

The inner Solar System is the region comprising the terrestrial planets and the asteroid belt. Composed mainly of silicates and metals, the objects of the inner Solar System are relatively close to the Sun; the radius of this entire region is less than the distance between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn.

MERCURY

 Mercury's past

MERCURY

[2] Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system. It's a little bigger than Earth's Moon. It is the closest planet to the Sun, but it's actually not the hottest. Venus is hotter. Along with Venus, Earth, and Mars, Mercury is one of the rocky planets.

[1]

[1] It is understood that the sunny side may reach temperatures of 750 to 800 degrees F., while the nighttime temperature plummets to nearly -330 degrees F. The average temperature on Mercury is a balmy 354 degrees F.

[2]

Mercury's Past

About 4 billion years ago, an asteroid roughly 60 miles (100 km) wide struck Mercury with an impact equal to 1 trillion 1-megaton bombs, creating a vast impact crater roughly 960 miles (1,550 km) wide. Known as the Caloris Basin, this crater could hold the entire state of Texas!

VENUS

 Hellish Planet

VENUS 

Venus, when you think of venus, a hellish name comes on, yet the meaning of venus is the god of beauty, but don't be fooled, cause it melting there. It's the hottest temperature in the solar system. The green house effect keeps the heat from leaving venus. So even night would be burning hot. Except this is were the twist comes in, a day on venus is over 1 year. Which means you'd most likely burn to death in about 3-5 seconds. Heres a bunch of other facts: Venus is the second brightest natural object in the night sky after the Moon and Unlike the other planets in our solar system, Venus spins clockwise on its axis.

[1]

[2]

Hellish Planet

[1] Surface temperatures on Venus are about 900 degrees Fahrenheit (475 degrees Celsius) – hot enough to melt lead. The surface is a rusty color and it's peppered with intensely crunched mountains and thousands of large volcanoes. Scientists think it's possible some volcanoes are still active.

[2] Venus is permanently shrouded in thick, toxic clouds of sulfuric acid that start at an altitude of 28 to 43 miles (45 to 70 kilometers). The clouds smell like rotten eggs!

EARTH

 Moons Formation

EARTH

Earth, our home, and the only planet with life. We have grown so advanced over the centuries. Especially in astrology. There is nothing much to talk about for this topic.

FORMATION OF THE MOON

This is when earth when it was new and early, a celestial object called Thea hit the early earth.

This was the new moon once it was made. It was bolting with heat and lava. Rivers and banks of lava. melted stone and other stuff made up the moon at the time. Earth also had a small ring from the derby that time.

This was the aftermath of the moon.

Mars

 Moons/2nd Earth?

MARS

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the third largest and massive terrestrial object in the Solar System. Mars has a thin atmosphere and a crust primarily composed of elements similar to Earth's crust, as well as a core made of iron and nickel.Temperatures on Mars average about -81 degrees F. However, temperatures can plunge to -220 degrees F. In the wintertime at the poles, to +70 degrees F over the lower latitudes in the summer. A famous mountain is Olympus Mons. Is larger then every mountain on earth!

2ND EARTH?

[1]

 OuterSolar

OuterSolar: Have you heard of Jupiter, or maybe Saturn. If you have, then you also heard Uranus and Neptune. Saturn and Jupiter are gas giants, They contain mostly gas while Neptune is an ice giant, and so is Uranus.

Jupiter

Largest Planet/ Most moons

JUPITER

[2] Jupiter has tiny rings barely able to see this the naked eye

Jupiter is the 5th planet from the sun and the largest planet in our solar system! It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, and slightly less than one one-thousandth the mass of the Sun.

[1] Jupiter has many moons, and they are extremely small compared to jupiter, this is one of the largest moons.

[1]

[2]

Largest Planet

Largest

Smallest

Jupiter is the Largest planet in the solar system, and even if we clumped all the planets into one big planet, jupiter would still be larger.  Jupiter affects the orbits of the other planets. The planets orbits are not true ellipses as the gravity of other planets causes perturbations. Jupiter also affects the shape of the Moon's orbit. Jupiter also earned the nickname "vacuum cleaner", why? Well if it wasn't for jupiter, our night sky would have thousands of comets every day. Thats because jupiter eats up most of the asteroids passing by.

Most Moons

Jupiter Currently has over 93 moons. Way more then any planet, in our solar system. It has 4 main and important moons, this group is called the galilean group, and it consists of Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto.  Jupiter has so much gravity it draws in objects,  which is the cause of its insane amount of moons. It has the most in the solar system.

Saturn

Rings

 SATURN

Saturn is the second largest planet and the first lightest planet. I mean, it's so light it cold float on water, earths water, its that light. Anyway saturn even with its odd mass, its still pretty large compared to other planets. Like earth. Saturn can fit about 764 earths in it. Talk about fat. Even if thought, it is splendid to look at it, i mean, look at those rings, made of icy rocks and many broken down planets. Saturn also has quite a lot of moons, like titan, which you all should know and more. Almost 146 moons, saturn has, quite impressive.

[1] Saturns rings compose mostly of icy comets and asteroids. Its pretty cold there, not to mention deadly. These objects swirl around the planet in insane speeds and contain some moons, but with all that unstableness, its beauty will still shine, although its rings are slowing leaving leaving.  

[1]

[2] Saturn its self is pretty huge, and it's rings isn't, as large as it. but. In length, it could fir 6 earths, which is, really big!

[2]

Rings

Uranus

 Tilted

The seventh planet from the sun with the third largest diameter in our solar system, Uranus is very cold and windy. The ice giant is surrounded by 13 faint rings and 27 small moons as it rotates at a nearly 90-degree angle from the plane of its orbit. It is a gaseous cyan-colored ice giant. Most of the planet is made of water, ammonia, and methane in a supercritical phase of matter, which in astronomy is called 'ice' or volatiles. It also had a past name caelus. Its main moon is Oberon and Titania. It was also confirmed to have whether patterns like jupiter.

[1]

[1] The detail of Uranus has weather patterns that are very strange and somewhat like jupiter.

 Tilted

When you look at Uranus, or search it up, you wont see it like saturn, but more of a tilted version of it, and the cause is quite interesting. So an earth sized planet has wandered into saturns area, and now that planet is orbiting it, and it slowly drifts towards uranus, till colliding with it on the top corner, and tilts uranus no degrees.

"Illustration of an earth sized planet hitting uranus in the past"

Neptune

 Frozen

 NEPTUNE

STARS

Stars: A star is a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by self-gravity. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun. Many other stars are visible to the naked eye at night; their immense distances from Earth make them appear as fixed points of light.

Sun

The sun is a huge,  glowing ball of hydrogen and helium that's made up of 99.8% of the solar system's mass. The sun is about 93 million miles from Earth and is our solar system's only star.

The Sun is a G-Class Star, or a yellow dwarf, with it's surface tempiture 5,000 - 6,000 K. Which is quite ordinary, but very active.

Solar Storms

[2]

[1]

[1] CME or coronal mass ejection is when the sun spits out a bunch of gas from its corona and launches it into space, but not far enough to reach mercury.

[2] A solar flare is an intense burst of radiation coming from the release of magnetic energy associated with sun spots, and these bursts are plenty of times larger then earth.