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Once upon a time in the land of 

atmosphere, there lived a man named 

matter. Mr. Matter was very important 

for the smooth running of the world. 

Mr. Matter lived all alone in the 

world. And then one day, he decided 

to split himself into three states.

Mr. Matter split into solid, liquid, and 

gas

As a solid; Mr. Matter could not move 

around easily and had only one shape

As a liquid; Mr. Matter took the shape of 

whatever container he was in and was also 

able to move around

As a gas; Mr. Matter was able to move 

around freely, and was invisible- no one 

could see him. 

For many years humans did not believe that 

gas was a property of matter. Gas had a 

weightless nature, could move around freely 

and occupy any available space. At the same 

time though, it had smell and sometimes 

colour. All these made gas mysterious. More 

mysterious than the dentist.

As a gas, He lived in particles- smaller units of 

himself. However, these particles were often 

spread apart in the container he lived in. 

Most of the time, if the temperature is high, 

the particles will move faster away from each 

other. Also if the stress (pressure) in the 

container is high the gases will move faster 

away from each other. Likewise, if the 

temperature is cold the gas particles will move 

slower and will want to come together. Also, if 

the stress in the container is low, the particles 

will move slower, and come together.

One day, there was a boy named Jones. He 

lived in Colorado, but went to Iceland for the 

winter break. One day he decided to play with 

his ball but discovered that it had been 

deflated. He went back into the house and 

pumped the ball so it could be full, but 

Immediately he got outside, the ball had 

reduced in size and he asked WHY? He asked 

his dad.

His dad answered, you see Jones, gases live in 

containers and your ball is a type of container. 

The gases in your ball are happier when it is 

warm, so your ball remains pumped. They do 

not like it when it is cold, so they come closer 

together forcing their container in this case 

your ball to shrink.

There are four major things that affect the 

property of gases. They include; pressure, 

temperature, volume, and the mass.

If the volume (amount of space in a container) 

does not change, then increasing the 

temperature will increase the pressure, and 

decreasing the temperature will decrease the 

pressure. This would be the case for a gas in a 

closed solid container, like a sealed metal box. 

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