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Chapter 5

Linear Equations 

and Functions

Vocab

 1. Linear Equation: An equation whose graph is a 

straight line.

2. Slope: A measure of the steepness of a straight 

line.

3. Rise: The change between two points on a line in an 

up and down direction

4. Run: The change between two points on a line in a 

left to right direction

5. X-intercept: the x-value of the ordered pair at the 

point where a line intersects the x-axis 

6. Y-intercept: the y-value of the ordered pair at the 

point where a line intersects the y-axis 

7. Slope-intercept form: y= mx+b; M is the slope, B is 

the y-intercept  

8. Standard Form: Ax+By=C

9. Direct Variation: y=Kx; as one variable increases, the 

other increases 

Chapter 5 Section 1

If an ordered pair makes an equation 

true, then that ordered pair is a 

solution of the equation.

 The left side must equal the right 

side.

Examples:

 Tell whether (1,-1) is a solution of y=2x-3

                  y=2x-3

                 -1=2(1)-3

                 -1=2-3

                 -1=-1

The equation is true both sides equal -1. 

Chapter 5 Section 2

Graphing Linear Equations

 To graph a linear equation, start by 

finding at least   three ordered pairs. 

Choose values for x,then find y.

Examples:

Chapter 5 Section 3

Slope of a line

Slope describes the steepness of a line.

Examples:

Chapter 5 section 4

Vertical and Horizontal 

lines.

Example:

With a vertical line the run will always equal zero, 

vertical lines are straight up and down.

With horizontal lines the rise will always be zero, 

horizontal lines are left to right.

Chapter 5 section 5

 Parallel and Perpendicular 

lines.

Example:

Parallel lines have the same slope and they will 

never cross. 

Perpendicular lines have negative reciprocals 

and each other and will always cross at some 

point.

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