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1. Instinct

2. Taxes (phototaxis)

3. Hibernation

4. Estivation

5. Migration 

6. Habituation

7. Imprinting

8. Classical conditioning

9. Trial and error learning

10. Pheromones

11. Courtship rituals

12. Territorial defense

                  Chapter 1: Instinct 

Have you ever wondered why your dog shakes 

him/herself dry when it gets wet? 

A dog's natural instinct is to dry itself (by 

shaking) when it gets wet. An instinct is the 

set reaction a living being has in response to 

something happening to it. 

Better understanding: 

I'm positive that you've been tickled at least 

once in your lifetime. It is your body's nature 

instinct to laugh and twitch in response to 

being tickled. 

Chapter 2: Phototaxis 

Have you ever wondered why some insects 

like light while others dislike it?

Well first off you need to understand what a 

taxis is. A taxis is movement in response to 

something. In the phototaxis case, that would 

be light. 

Better understanding:

 As you can see in the picture, snails do not 

like light. That is why you see the snail inside 

while the sun is out. So if you would ever like 

to see a snail, the best time to look for them 

would be at night!

Chapter 3: Hibernation 

Have you ever heard the story about the bear 

going into a deep sleep during the winter?

Well that is exactly what hibernation is. Bears 

and other animals such as ground-squirrels, 

bats, and skunks hibernate during the winter 

to stay alive.

Better understanding: 

Hibernation is a way of survival for those 

animals. During the winter, it is extremely cold 

for some animals and the amount of food 

available is at a low. They basically gorge 

themselves out before winter, then sleep 

through it all!

Chapter 4: Estivation

Estivation is kinda like hibernation, except 

estivation doesn't last that long! 

Estivation is a temporary "resting" period in 

response to it being too hot to...well work! It is 

kinda the opposite of hibernation only 

estivation is with warm weather and it only 

last as needed. 

Better understanding: 

You may see a bird resting in the shade on a 

hot day, because it is too hot for it to want to 

do any "work". 

Chapter 5: Migration 

I'm sure we've all by now, have heard 

someone talk about different birds flying south 

for the winter. 

Well what you've heard or possibly even seen is 

migration! Migration is the movement of 

animals from one part of the word to another. It 

results from the changing of seasons and 

mainly the changes in the food supply. 

Better understanding: 

If you were really really cold, I'd doubt you'd 

just sit there and wait for it to get warm. You'd 

do something about it (move for warmth)! And 

if you were hungry with no food around, 

wouldn't you go where food is certain?

Chapter 6: Habituation

You know that feeling you get when you first 

put on flip flops in the summer?

Over time, that becomes an example of 

habituation. Habituation is basically getting used 

to something once that something is repeated to 

you again and again. In animals an example 

would be: a hamster no longer bothered by 

someone tapping on their cage.

Better understanding: 

After wearing flip flops over and over, you don't 

even feel/notice that thing between you toes. 

You've gotten used to it and it no longer bothers 

you.  

Chapter 7: Imprinting 

Have you ever been to the beach... and were 

lucky enough to see baby ducks hatch and 

follow their mother?

Well if so, you saw an example of imprinting! 

Imprinting is when an animal first recognizes 

its mother and a state of trust begins. 

Better understanding:

The first thing a duck sees it will believe it is its 

mother and follows it.

Chapter 8: Classical conditioning 

Have you ever been inside the shower when a 

toilet flushes?

Over time, your response should become an 

example of classical conditioning! Classical 

conditioning is basically a way of learning. You 

learn that this causes this to happen and you... 

learn from it. In animals an example would be: (for 

dogs) when a bell rings, I get a treat. So when a 

bell rings, the dog expects a treat. 

Better understanding: 

The water gets really hot in a shower if the toilet is 

flushed while you're in it. You should be shocked 

and jump back from the hot water. Then over time 

when the toilet is flushed, you jump back before 

the water gets hot.

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