TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pg. 4) Geography

Pg. 6) Economics

Pg. 9) Government

Pg. 10) Culture

Pg. 12) Religion

Pg. 13) Judaism

Pg. 14) Christianity

Pg. 15) Islam

Pg. 16) Hinduism

Pg. 17) Buddhism

Pg. 18) Egypt

Pg. 21) Mesopotamia

Pg. 23) Indus Valley

Pg. 25) China

Pg. 26) Africa

Pg. 27) Colonization

Pg. 28) Modern

Pg. 29) Mongols

Pg. 31) North Korea

Pg. 33) Glossary

The world is divided by imaginary lines called latitude and longitude lines. Latitude lines run east to west. Longitude lines run north to south. Together, they form an invisible grid used to find places all over the world.

GEOGRAPHY

North America

South America

Europe

Africa

Australia

Asia

The 7 continents of the world are shown on the map above. After you've looked at them, flip to the front cover and try your hand out at naming them.

ECONOMICS

Economy is a system where people make and exchange things of value. This system is made up by producers and consumers. As you can probably guess from their names, producers are the ones creating the product. The consumers are the ones buying and using the product/service.

GOVERNMENT

The government is the organization that makes and enforces laws. The government is important, as we need it to protect the people, their rights, and to resolve conflicts both in and outside of a country. There are 7 main types of government. These include tribal rule, direct democracy, representative democracy/republic, constitutional monarchy, dictatorship, absolute monarchy, and oligarchy.

MIXED

1) Both government and citizens make decisions.

2) Protects against unfair prices

3) Most effective economy

If you scan this QR code, you can watch a fun video to help you better remember the 4 economic systems.

There are 4 different types of economies that you can find around the world.

TRADITIONAL

COMMAND

MARKET

1) Rural

2) No technology.

3) Farming, hunting, and gathering.

1) Decisions are made by the citizens.

2) Supply and demand!

3) Lots of competition.

1) Government decides everything.

2) Not in it for profit.

3) Change easily happens.

CULTURE

Culture is a way of life. Different groups of people have different types of culture. Some examples of what make up culture are: Beliefs, traditions, homes, food, clothing, religion (see pg. 12), language, etc. Some terms you should know include: cultural diffusion, and acculturation. Cultural diffusion is the movement of customs and ideas. Acculturation is the acceptance of new ideas, and mixing them into your own culture.

OTHER TERMS CONCERNING CULTURE

ETHNOCENTRISM

Viewing your own culture as better than another.

CULTURAL LANDSCAPE

Parts of people's environments that they have shaped.

INSTITUTIONS

Places of worship, military, governments, etc. Customs related to social purposes.

RELIGION

There are five major religions across the world. These include Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism. Religion exists to help people make sense of what their purpose in life is. Having a religion usually includes: prayers, rituals, important holidays, places, and times.

JUDAISM

JUDAISM

1) Monotheistic

2) 14 million followers worldwide

3) Started in 1800 B.C.E

4) Holy book is Torah

5) Founder is Abraham

6) God is Yaweh

CHRISTIANITY

CHRISTIANITY

1) Monotheistic

2) 2.1 billion followers worldwide

3) Started in 33 C.E

4) Holy book is Bible

5) Founder is Jesus

6) God is God

ISLAM

ISLAM

1) Monotheistic

2) 1.5 billion followers worldwide

3) Started in 610 C.E

4) Holy book is Qur'an

5) Founder is Muhammad

6) God is Allah

HINDUISM

HINDUISM

1) Polytheistic

2) 900 million followers worldwide

3) Started around 4,000 years ago

4) Holy books are Vedas

5) No single founder

6) God is Brahman

BUDDHISM

BUDDHISM

1) Don't believe in any god

2) 376 million followers worldwide

3) Started around 460 B.C.E

4) Many holy books

5) Founder is Siddhartha Gautama

6) Instead of having a god, they follow the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path

EGYPT

EGYPT

Ancient Egypt was formed in 5000 B.C., and was split into two kingdoms that were Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. In 3100 B.C., they joined together. Egypt was ruled by a pharaoh, which is basically the leader. Egyptians were polytheistic. They had many different gods used for different purposes.

The first thing that comes to mind when people think of Egypt is pyramids. Pyramids were used for the burial of pharaohs or the rich. The second thing that might come to mind when thinking of Egypt is hieroglyphics. Hieroglyphics were the form of writing in Ancient Egypt. They used symbols and pictographs to stand for words or sounds.

Using this table, draw out your name on a piece of paper using hieroglyphics!

Mesopotamia was a very early civilization that resided between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Their people were polytheistic, and worshiped in temples called Ziggurats. Their people were divided into different classes. Mesopotamia may have been the ones to develop the first form of writing, called cuneiform.

MESOPOTAMIA

MESOPOTAMIA