Mrs. Hunt & Miss Erwin's History of Technology (2018) dedicate this book to Jasper, our school service dog!

Chapter 1

Galileo's Heroes

Sean, Caden, Grace, Gabe, Makenna, and Emmalee

Aristotle

Copernicus

Vincenzo Galilei (His father)

Hans Lippershey

Who Inspired Me?

Aristotle-

Created the belief that every celestial body was perfect. Galileo once believed this but later proved this theory wrong.

All of the celestial bodies are perfect and smooth!

But I found sun spots on the Sun and craters on the Moon.

Copernicus-

Created the Heliocentric Model that Galileo believed in and based his experiments around.

Copernicus created the Heliocentric Model I based my experiments on and tried to prove.

Thanks for the shout out!

Vincenzo Galilei-

As Galileo's father, Vincenzo Galilei got Galileo interested in math and conducted experiments with him.

Father, can I join your experiment?

Sure son. Let's start with a hypothesis.

Hans created the first lens from which I improved and created the telescope. This allowed me to see far into the night sky!

Hans Lippershey-

A Dutch lens maker who invented the telescope that Galileo later modified.

Do you like my lens?

Chapter two:Inventions and Discoveries

Isabella

Rylie

Travis

Bailey

Gabrielle

Toni

The telescope

I shall put two lenses from a specific distance. This should magnify an image by eight times. This should improve the object that the Dutch lens maker created years ago.

I have made my innovation to my liking. Now the army wants my telescope to use for a weapon to spy on enemies.

Thank you so much. You have done a great thing for your people. We can call it the spy glass.

I have never used my invention to look at the stars before!

Galileo uses the telescope to look at the stars.

I see these five bright things. They are stars!

The star Venus, is the evening star and sits at the horizon.

The star Mars, glows red.

But, the star Jupiter and Saturn outshines the rest!

Jupiter

The moon appears to have craters and rough patches. Everyone else thinks it perfectly smooth and heavenly.

This star seems to be the brightest than any of the other stars that I see.

Galileo turned his telescope to look at Jupiter in the 1600's

I am having trouble getting a still image of it though because the image is moving.

It looks like a large, round and blurry disk. It must be a large sphere.......... OR A PLANET!

My observations show that Jupiter has colored rings of red, tan, and white. The terrain looks smooth, it looks one dimensional and not as bright now. I can see what appears to be a black dot.

I can also see more tinier stars following Jupiter around, like little ducklings....

These must be moons because our Earth has one just like these!

Galileo then turns his telescope to look at Venus.

Even though it has taken me months to gather this information, its well worth it. This PLANET, Venus, seems to be changing it's shape and size. It's formed from a large crescent...

...to a small, round disk.

This proves that the planet Venus has consistent cycles.

Also, the shadows on Venus means it rotates around the sun! This proves that the Sun is at the center and the Earth, as well as the other planets, rotate around the sun!

I am not done yet! Now I will go explore the effects of gravity!

the pendulum

I was in the church when Galileo first noticed a lamp swinging back and forth overhead. He observed that the lamp repeated the same pattern of swing.

I realized that over time the pendulum would come to a stop due to air resistance, but under ideal circumstances the pendulum would continue to swing on forever, and that’s one area where I thrive.

Thanks to my observations, in 1656, a Dutch scientist and inventor invented the first swinging pendulum clock, which was used for timekeeping, and was the world's most accurate timekeeping technology until the 1930s.

Galileo's Greatest Discoveries

I discovered the phases of Venus and sunspots, confirming that the sun rotates, and the planets orbit the sun.

How will this react with gravity? How fast will this travel?

The Starry Messenger was the book I published that provided a lively picture of my telescopic work.

After Galileo's inventions and discoveries were released, the church became angry because people started questioning the church's theories, which leads us to talk about what religion and opinions the church had at that time.

Chapter 3:

16th and 17th Century Catholic Church and Religion

Olivia Perkins, Faith Harbour, Zane Crawford, Jenson Oesterreictitiher, Alexander Davies, Haley Pratt, Tim Conley

The Catholic Church was focused on keeping power and holding the people's beliefs. The Church wanted their people to believe that the Earth was at the center of the universe and everything revolved around the human race. By researching and supporting Geocentric theory, Galileo upset the Church's beliefs.

Galileo Pope Urban XII Bishop

I will write a book called The Starry Messenger with my notes about Jupiter, its movement and its moons so that the public can read about my discoveries.

Pope Urban, we have a problem. Galileo is telling the public that geocentric theory is incorrect. This makes the church look bad, so I ask you to take care of this issue for the church.

I understand, I will resolve this problem.

I will write a book about two people discussing and explaining geocentric theory, and heliocentric theory. They are explaining each theory to an impartial party.

Meanwhile.... Galileo was already beginning to write his book that caused him to get into trouble with the Catholic Church.

Pope Urban, Galileo published another book called Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief Worlds, making the church's theory sound like a poor opponent for the heliocentric theory. We must also hold power and we cannot do that if the people are disagreeing with the church.

I will speak to him about his offenses towards the church.