Matter

physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy

Pure Substance

a sample of matter with both definite and constant composition and distinct chemical properties

Atoms

the basic unit of a chemical element

Element

a species of atom having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei.

Compound

 a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds

Heterogeneous mixture

any mixture that is not uniform in composition 

Homogeneous Mixture

a solid, liquid, or gaseous mixturethat has the same proportions of its components throughout any given sample

Solution

a special type of homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances

Suspension

a heterogeneous mixture that contains solid particles sufficiently large for sedimentation.

Colloid

a homogeneous noncrystalline substance consisting of large molecules or ultramicroscopic particles of one substance dispersed through a second substance. Colloids include gels, sols, and emulsions; the particles do not settle, and cannot be separated out by ordinary filtering or centrifuging like those in a suspension

Physical property

can be observed or measured without changing the composition of matter

Viscosity

The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate

Conductivity

measures the water's ability to conduct electricity. It is the opposite of resistance

Malleability

a substance's ability to deform under pressure (compressive stress)

Melting point

the temperature at which a given solid will melt.

Boiling point

the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor

Filtration

the action or process of filtering something

Distillation

the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling

Physical change

 changes affecting the form of a chemical substance, but not its chemical composition

chemical property

 any of a material's propertiesthat becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction