
Illustrated by Fatima Rehman

GANDHARA CIVILISATION

You will find lots of information on gandhara civilisation in this book!!
Index
What gandhara means & what is it? 1
history of Gandhara 2
interesting facts 4
pictures 5
guidance for visitors 7
ending 11
1
What Gandhara means & what is it?
GANDHARA means | An ancient kingdom that occupied parts of present-day Afghanistan & Pakistan.
Gandhara is the name of an ancient kingdom (Mahajanapada),located in modern day northern Pakistan & parts of eastern Afghanistan. after it was conquered by mahmud of ghazni in 1021 CE, the name of Ghandara disappeared...during the Muslim period that area was administrated from Lahore or from Kabul.

History of Gandhara civilisation
Gandhara is the old name of Peshawar valley & was ruled by a number of different rulers.its capital was taksashlia or taxila. The ruler of taxila. ambhi, had made peace with Alexander of Macedon when he crossed the River Chenab. Taxila was also ruled by Menander, the bactrian ruler & Kanishka, the Kushan ruler.
Gandhara became a centre of learning with a university at Taxila where scholars & teachers came in search of knowledge. Kautilya, the author of Arthashastra. had also studied at Taxila.
2

Many trade routes linking central Asia, China, Persia, Egypt & Europe went through the Gandhara region.
Gandhara became famous in the field of art because sculpture & paintings were influenced both by India & Greek artistic expression. Archaeologists have unearthed many of these samples of Gandhara art & they are found in the museums of Peshawar & Swat.

3
Interesting facts 4
1.A unique style of Buddhist sculpture called Gandhara art developed in ancient times in the Gandhara region of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now northwestern Pakistan. ... Gandhara sculpture thus mixed elements of both Western and Eastern art. The Gandhara region had long been a crossroads of cultural influences
2.According to the Puranas, they were named after Taksha and Pushkara, the two sons of Bharata, a prince of Ayodhya. Evidence of Stone Age human inhabitants of Gandhara, including stone tools and burnt bones, was discovered at Sanghao near Mardan in area caves. The artifacts are approximately 15,000 years old.














Gandhara is beautiful!!







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Illustrated by Fatima Rehman

GANDHARA CIVILISATION

You will find lots of information on gandhara civilisation in this book!!
Index
What gandhara means & what is it? 1
history of Gandhara 2
interesting facts 4
pictures 5
guidance for visitors 7
ending 11
1
What Gandhara means & what is it?
GANDHARA means | An ancient kingdom that occupied parts of present-day Afghanistan & Pakistan.
Gandhara is the name of an ancient kingdom (Mahajanapada),located in modern day northern Pakistan & parts of eastern Afghanistan. after it was conquered by mahmud of ghazni in 1021 CE, the name of Ghandara disappeared...during the Muslim period that area was administrated from Lahore or from Kabul.

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