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Table of Contents

The Sun

Mercury

Venus

Earth

Meteors

Mars

Asteroid Belt

Comets

Meteoroid

Jupiter

Saturn

Uranus

Neptune

Dwarf Planet 

 The Sun

>   The ratio of Earth's mass to Sun is 6.58 : 0.364

>   Earth is 93 million miles, from the sun.

>   The sun is made up of 72% hydrogen, 26% helium 

   and 2% a mixture of oxygen,carbon, neon,

   nitrogen, magnesium,iron,and silicon.

> The sun has enough nuclear fuel to sustain itself

   for another 5 billion years.

> The sun contains 99.8% of the mass in our 

   solar system.

> One million Earth's could fit in the sun.

> The photosphere is the surface of the sun.

> The sun powers all life on Earth

> The sun's electromagnetic field causes sunspots. 

Mercury

 >The ratio of Earth's mass to Mercury is 6.58 : 0.364 (10 exp 21 tons 

).

>Its diameter is 3,032 miles.

>It is 35,983,610 miles from sun.

>Mercury is slightly larger than Earth.

>During the day Mercury is heated by the sun. 

>During the night temperatures can drop hundreds of degrees

below zero.

>Its temperature can range form -279 to 801 degrees Fahrenheit.

>Mercury has an egg shaped orbit that takes 88 days.

>Mercury is the second densest planet in the solar system.

>Mercury has a metallic core with a diameter

of 1,800 km.

>Its surface is like our moon with rocky craters.

Venus

>The ratio of Earth's mass to Venus is 6.58 : 5.37 (10 exp 21 tons ).

>Its diameter is 7,521 miles.

>It is 67,232,360 miles away from the sun.

>It is 25.8 million miles away from Earth.

>Venus is slightly smaller than Earth.

>It was the first planet to be visited by a spacecraft.

>If you were to live on Venus, 225 Earth days equals a year.

>One day on Venus equals 243 Earth days.

>Yes! Venuses day is longer than its year.

>Venus is the only planet to have a surface hotter than 

Mercury.

 Earth 

>Earth's diameter is 7,926 km.

>It is 92,957,100 miles from the sun.

>71% of Earth is covered with water.

>Earth's atmosphere is up to 600 miles thick.

>Earth is 5 billion years old.

>Human life has only been on Earth for about 5 to 10% of its 

existence.

>All of earth's particles are closely packed together.

>Earth is the only planet not named after a god.

>Earth is the only planet with water.

>It is also the only planet with oxygen in its atmosphere.

>The layers of the atmosphere are the troposphere, mesosphere,and 

>stratosphere.

 Meteors

>A meteor is a small body that enters Earth's

atmosphere as a streak of light.

>When a meteor produces enough light to cast a

shadow on Earth it is called a fireball.

>When a fireball explodes it is called a bolide.

>A meteorite is a meteor that has fallen to Earth's

surface.

>When many meteors fall at the same time quickly

it is called a meteor shower.

>Meteors fall on Earth every day but most are as small as dust 

particles.

> About 500 meteorites make it to Earth's surface every year, but 

around only 5 make it to scientist to study.

> Everyday around 3,000 metric tons of meteor dust particles fall onto 

Earth.

> Meteors are easier to see during low light conditions at night.

>Meteors move very fast. Some are as fast as 130,000 miles per hour.

> A meteorite may have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.

 Mars

>The ratio of Earth's mass to Mars is 6.58 : 0.708 (10 exp 

21 tons ).

>Mars diameter is 4,222 km.

>It is 141,635,300 miles away from the sun.

>Mars has a pink sky.

>Mars has two moons , Phobos and Deimos.

>Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.

>Mount Olympus Mons.

>One year in Mars is 687 Earth days.

>One day on Mars is one Earth day and 30 minutes.

>On Mars the temperature is very cold.

 Asteroid Belt

>Ceres, the largest Asteroid is

600 miles across.

>The asteroid belt separates Mars and Jupiter.

>It is a swirling circle of rocks made of ice, rock, as well 

as other materials.

>Asteroids are the same age as the solar system.                         

>More than one million asteroids are in the solar system.

>When the solar system was formed, dust particles were 

pulled together by gravity to create asteroids.

>Some asteroids outside the asteroids belt are called Trojans.

>On the inside of the belt the asteroids are made of rich minerals.

>On the outside of it the asteroids are made of Carbon.

Comets

>There are three parts of a comet. The nucleus 

is the head, the coma is the middle, and the tail is the end.

>Comets are balls of ice,dirt,rock,and gas that enter and exit the 

solar system.

>When comets pass the sun and start melting the elements form 

a tail.

>Comets are known as dirty snowballs.

> A comet's orbit is elliptical.

> With this orbit they come close to the sun then far out. Some 

as far as Pluto.

>The nucleus is the solid center component made of ice, gas and 

rocky debris. 

>The coma is the gas and dust atmosphere around the nucleus.

 The tails are formed when energy from the Sun turns the coma 

so that it flows around the nucleus and creates the tail.

> Comets come from the Oort Cloud and the Kuiper Belt.

> Comets are composed of the ice and rock from the formation 

of our solar system.

Meteoroids

> Meteoroids can come in the size of a grain to the size 

of a boulder.

> Meteoroids are meteors hurling through space and our 

atmosphere before they reach Earth's surface.

> Most meteoroids burn up before they hit the ground.

> Many meteoroids hit the Earth's surface but they fall 

as dust particles called meteorites.

> Some meteoroids are made of the same material as 

the Moon and Earth.

> Meteorites are named by the region they come from 

or the town they land in.

> Many meteoroid have minerals not found on Earth.

> Meteoroids have been found on the moon and Mars.

> Meteoroids look like Earth rocks with or without a 

burnt appearance. 

> One of the largest known meteoroids was 54,000 km. 

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