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During the French Revolution, the government 

was not treating everyone equally. The Clergy and 

Nobles were not being taxed, meanwhile the Third 

Estate was being heavily taxed. This caused a 

great deal of anger and oppression towards the 

government. This was a rejection of rule of law, 

which was an opposition to liberalism. Politically, 

not all citizens had the same opportunities in 

society and this created an inequality that 

disrupted the social order. This lead to raised food 

prices and hungry people - which was a key 

catalyst to the revolution!

Hobbes' belief was present in the First and 

Second Estate as they wanted to maintain the 

absolute monarchy in France.

Locke's belief was relevant in the Third Estate. 

They wanted to have representation in the 

choices that the government made that affected 

them, therefore forming the National Assembly.

Due to the evident class structure, the third 

estate was jealous of the first and second. The 

french revolution influenced Rousseau's ideals 

heavily. 

The people of France were unhappy...there were 

many food shortages, and starvation swept the 

land. These people wanted change!! They began to 

doubt in divine right of kings, and believed that 

their king was too indulgent and unfair. And they 

needed to do something about it! 

There were some positives that came out 

of the French Revolution...

...The Declaration of the Rights of Man and 

of the Citizen, abolishing of previous 

constitution, abolishing of previous 

monarchy, liberal focus in government, and 

a strong governmental change due to 

liberal beliefs. 

There were also some negative 

repercussions from the French Revolution...

...The creation of the Guillotine, 

the harsh outcomes of The Reign of Terror, 

food shortages, and inequalities in class 

structure. 

Although a democracy or republic was not 

established, liberal and enlightenment ideals 

were still spread!

British colonies were established in America 

after the Seven Years war. At this time the 

British government was taxing the colonies 

more because of their increased land and 

wealth after the War. Eventually, taxation 

increased drastically but there was no 

governmental representation from the 

colonies, therefore the colonies were upset at 

decisions made on their behalf. This was a 

rejection of economic freedoms and individual 

rights and freedoms as the people were taxed 

for no good reason. 

The British Government was upholding 

Hobbes' perspective in its ruling of the 

British North American Colonies. The 

government believed that the colonies 

needed to give up their freedoms for 

security,   therefore it was not the place of 

the colonies to argue about the taxation. 

They were intelligent and reasonable, and 

deserved input on decisions that affected 

them. This supported Locke's beliefs.  

Mill's beliefs were supported by the 

revolutionaries. They believed that the 

people should yield ultimate control, and 

make their own laws. 

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